一 | (ECNS)-- In the mountains of southwest China's Guizhou Province, industries once unlikely to be associated with a remote inland region are finding their way into global markets. In Jiangkou County, Tongren, stands what local authorities describe as the world's largest single-site matcha refining facility. Fully automated production lines process the finely ground green tea for consumers at home and abroad. According to local figures, one in every five cups of matcha consumed worldwide is produced in Tongren. The city's matcha products are exported to more than 50 countries and regions, with the industry generating an output value of 750 million yuan ($105 million). For Mauro, a young visitor from Brazil, the industry raised a broader question: how can globally competitive production create opportunities for rural communities? Tongren's matcha industry works with 73 upstream partner companies and around 13,300 hectares of tea plantations. Financial and technical support for growers, alongside links between market demand and production, helps connect local farmers with a wider supply chain. Matcha is not the only Guizhou product reaching international markets. In Jinping County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, local industry figures suggest that one in every 10 shuttlecocks in circulation worldwide is made there. Production is supported by a supply chain extending from goose farming and feather sorting to intelligent manufacturing. "I hadn't realised that some of the key materials used in these vehicles come from Guizhou," said Thai visitor Nim Jiratchaya, whose family owns a Chinese electric vehicle. Guizhou developed an advanced functional materials industry serving sectors including electric vehicles and renewable energy. Digitalization is also changing traditional manufacturing. Guizhou Tyre's intelligent plant was the first in China's tyre industry to join the World Economic Forum's Global Lighthouse Network, which recognizes factories deploying advanced technologies at scale. The facility also uses photovoltaic power, purchased renewable electricity, and waste-heat recovery to reduce emissions. Infrastructure played another role in connecting the mountainous province with wider markets. Nearly half of the world's 100 highest bridges are located in Guizhou, helping overcome terrain that has long complicated transport and economic connectivity. For the visiting Gen Z group, the journey offered a view of China beyond its major cities and coastal manufacturing centres. Tea, badminton equipment, advanced materials, and tyres illustrate how specialised manufacturing, infrastructure investment, and local resources are connecting communities in China's mountainous southwest with national and global markets. 
。 Sputnik spoke with Dr. D. B. Bhaaskara, CEO of the multinational company Roerich Healthcare, about the current state of pharma trade with Russia.,Sputnik: Can you explain the current state of pharma supplies to Russia?,D. B. Bhaaskara: Currently, pharmaceutical shipments of Indian firms to Russia are at the same level even after the sanctions. But, there are many proposals (supplies) that Russians are not getting from the European Union. Russians are looking for these materials (chemicals, excipients, APIs [Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients]) with several Indian manufacturers. They have to develop links with Indian firms. There are many proposals from Russia - these proposals are under consideration from the Indian side.,Sputnik: There were reports of delayed payments from Russia initially after sanctions. As we see, trade has jumped manifold in the energy and fertilizer sectors. Do you think payment issues have been resolved in other sectors as well?,D. B. Bhaaskara: Several Indian companies have signed contracts in yuan, which means they are ready to receive payment in China's yuan. Still, the preferred mode of settlement is in the Indian rupee. As export procedures closed successfully in USD/euro/INR, Russians set aside yuan contracts.,My company is receiving regular payment without any delay in Indian rupees or USD or sometimes in euros.,Sputnik: What about logistical issues, as sanctions hit the shipping sector?,D. B. Bhaaskara: The logistical issues are still there because few airlines — namely Aeroflot, Emirates, Qatar, and Turkish — are available for transportation. Transportation costs are slightly high because of no regular cargo consignments. They vary between $8-12 per kg compared to $5 per kg in a normal situation.,Cargo sea shipment is still in a mess. The only port in Gujarat accepts Russian shipping. Here again, the container price is very, very high. We have to pay anything between $9,000 - 12,000 for a container. When there was no conflict or sanctions, it was $2,500 per container.,We have tried to send our shipments via Iran. So, from Gujarat port, the shipment reaches an Iranian port, and from there, it goes via road or rail to Moscow. But, it is taking a much longer time. In general, it is supposed to arrive in 30-40 days, but on an experimental basis, some companies sent their materials via the Iran route, [and they are] still on their way even after two months.,Shanghai is very crowded and has also been hit by the pandemic, making it unsuitable for us. So, the only problem right now is logistics; there is no payment issue.,Some Russian companies have an account with European banks operating in Russia dealing in oil and gas payments. Those banks are being used to send money anywhere worldwide, even with sanctions.,Sputnik: Western firms intended to withdraw their operations in Russia in response to Moscow's special military operation. Do you see some significant investments from Indian pharma companies in Russia to fill the vacuum created by the west?,D. B. Bhaaskara: There are long-pending proposals from a couple of governors, such as [in] Volgograd and Kazan, inviting India's major pharma companies to set up manufacturing units in their region. But, due to the pandemic, nothing moved ahead.,A delegation will be going to Russia to explore the opportunities in Russia in July. A few Indian companies, such as Sun Pharma and Advance Pharma, have manufacturing units in Russia doing finished formulations.,Hopefully, some new companies are interested in setting up units there now. But, Russia is looking to scale up raw material manufacturing, e.g., API. For this, much homework related to regulation should be done between the two governments, especially under sanctions.,Also, big companies such as Sun Pharma, Aurbindo, and Dr. Reddy, all with significant exposure to the US market, may try to avoid investing in Russia because they are scared of the risk associated with sanctions.,Medium-scale companies can come forward to set up raw material (API) manufacturing in Russia. However, it is unclear whether Indian workers/professionals can go and work in Russia. Setting up a new unit in unknown topography with a different language and culture is a little complicated. A lot of these questions are unanswered.。
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